Come si calcola la gradazione di un cocktail?

Si moltiplica il volume di ogni ingrediente per la sua gradazione, si sommano i risultati e si divide per il volume finale, che include l'acqua del ghiaccio. Un Daiquiri da 60 ml di rum a 40% con 44 ml di lime e sciroppo e il 25% di diluizione arriva a circa 18,5%.

Quanto diluisce il ghiaccio?

Come riferimento indicativo, circa il 10-15% nei drink costruiti con ghiaccio, il 20-25% in quelli mescolati e il 25-30% in quelli shakerati. Il valore reale dipende da ghiaccio, tempo e temperatura.

La diluizione riduce l'alcol che bevo?

No: abbassa la gradazione ma non i grammi di alcol, perché aggiunge solo acqua. Cambia quanto il drink è forte al palato, non quanto alcol contiene.

Un Gin Tonic è più leggero di un Daiquiri?

Ha meno della metà della gradazione, ma nelle ricette tipiche contiene quasi la stessa quantità di alcol: circa 16 g contro 19 g.

Come inserisco succhi e sciroppi?

Con gradazione zero: non aggiungono alcol ma aumentano il volume e quindi abbassano la gradazione.

Quanti grammi sono un'unità alcolica?

Dipende dal paese: 8 g nel Regno Unito, 10 g in Australia, 12 g in Italia, 14 g negli Stati Uniti. Dividi i grammi del calcolatore per il valore del tuo paese.

Perché uso i grammi e non solo la gradazione?

Perché la gradazione dice quanto è concentrato il drink, i grammi quanto alcol contiene davvero. Un drink lungo e leggero può contenere quanto uno corto e forte.

Qual è la densità dell'alcol?

L'etanolo pesa circa 0,789 g per millilitro: 10 ml di alcol puro sono circa 7,9 g.

Come misuro la diluizione reale?

Pesa gli ingredienti prima di mescolare o shakerare e il drink filtrato dopo: la differenza è l'acqua aggiunta. Dividila per il peso iniziale e moltiplica per 100.

Posso usarlo con più di quattro ingredienti?

Sì: somma gli ingredienti analcolici in un'unica voce con gradazione zero e usa le altre voci per quelli alcolici.

La gradazione cambia se servo il drink con ghiaccio?

Sì, continua a scendere mentre il ghiaccio nel bicchiere si scioglie. Il calcolatore stima la gradazione al momento del servizio.

Il calcolatore mi dice quanto posso bere?

No: indica cosa contiene il bicchiere, non una quantità sicura. Non guidare dopo aver bevuto e segui le indicazioni sanitarie del tuo paese.

Cocktail ABV Calculator

Work out your cocktail's final strength, ice included, and how many grams of pure alcohol it contains.

Ingredient 1: volume *

Ingredient 1: alcohol strength *

Ingredient 2: volume *

Ingredient 2: alcohol strength *

Ingredient 3: volume *

Ingredient 3: alcohol strength *

Ingredient 4: volume *

Ingredient 4: alcohol strength *

Ice dilution *

Result

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Disclaimer: this calculation is for informational purposes only. For important decisions, consult a qualified professional.

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How strong your cocktail is

A cocktail's strength is not the average of its ingredients' strengths: what counts is how much of each you use, and the water the ice adds while you stir or shake. This calculator adds up the alcohol from up to four ingredients, applies dilution and gives you the final strength, the volume in the glass and how many grams of pure alcohol the drink contains.

How the calculation works

Pure alcohol: for each ingredient, volume × strength; the results are added together.
Final volume: ingredient volume plus the meltwater from the ice, expressed as a percentage.
Final strength: pure alcohol divided by the final volume.
Grams of alcohol: millilitres of pure alcohol × 0.789, the density of ethanol.

Juices, syrups, tonic and soda have zero strength: enter them anyway, because they add volume and lower the strength.

Dilution lowers strength, not alcohol

Ice adds water, so strength falls, but the grams of alcohol in the glass stay the same. A Daiquiri with 60 ml of rum at 40%, 22 ml of lime and 22 ml of syrup:

Dilution	Final volume	Strength	Pure alcohol
0%	104 ml	23.1%	18.9 g
15%	120 ml	20.1%	18.9 g
25%	130 ml	18.5%	18.9 g
35%	140 ml	17.1%	18.9 g

As a rough guide, drinks built in the glass over ice are often diluted by about 10-15%, stirred drinks by about 20-25% and shaken drinks by about 25-30%. The real value depends on the ice, time and temperature: for precision, weigh the drink before and after.

Strength and alcohol of some classics

Typical recipes, with indicative dilution by technique:

Cocktail	Recipe	Dilution	Strength	Pure alcohol
Gin and Tonic	50 ml gin 40%, 150 ml tonic	10%	9.1%	15.8 g
Spritz	90 ml prosecco 11%, 60 ml aperitivo 11%, 30 ml soda	10%	8.3%	13.0 g
Daiquiri	60 ml rum 40%, 22 ml lime, 22 ml syrup	25%	18.5%	18.9 g
Margarita	50 ml tequila 40%, 20 ml triple sec 40%, 25 ml lime	25%	23.6%	22.1 g
Negroni	30 ml gin 40%, 30 ml bitter 25%, 30 ml vermouth 16%	20%	22.5%	19.2 g
Manhattan	60 ml rye 45%, 30 ml vermouth 16%, 2 ml bitters	20%	29.6%	25.8 g

The comparison is surprising: a Gin and Tonic has less than half the strength of a Daiquiri, but contains almost the same amount of alcohol, because the glass is much bigger. To know how much alcohol you drink, the grams column matters, not the strength.

Alcohol units in different countries

Many countries use a unit or standard drink to count alcohol, but the value differs: in the United Kingdom a unit is 8 g of pure alcohol, in Australia a standard drink is 10 g, in Italy an alcohol unit is 12 g and in the United States a standard drink is 14 g. Divide the grams shown by the calculator by your country's value. The Manhattan in the table, for example, is about 3.2 UK units or 1.8 US standard drinks.

The bands of the verdict

Below 10%: a light cocktail, in the range of a spritz or a highball.
10% to 16%: medium strength, similar to a wine.
16% to 24%: a strong cocktail, like many sours and shaken drinks.
24% and above: very strong, like stirred, spirit-only drinks.

Drinking responsibly

Strength and grams tell you what is in the glass, not a safe amount: the effects of alcohol depend on weight, sex, food, medication and health. Do not drive after drinking, and during pregnancy or with some medical conditions it is best to avoid alcohol altogether.

Limits of the calculator

Dilution is an estimate: the real value depends on the ice, preparation time and ingredient temperature. The calculation treats volumes as additive, while mixing alcohol and water slightly reduces the real volume. Product strengths vary between brands: use the one printed on the label.

Frequently asked questions

How do you calculate a cocktail's ABV?

Multiply each ingredient's volume by its strength, add the results and divide by the final volume, which includes the water from the ice. A Daiquiri with 60 ml of rum at 40%, 44 ml of lime and syrup and 25% dilution comes to about 18.5%.

How much does ice dilute a drink?

As a rough guide, about 10-15% in drinks built over ice, 20-25% in stirred drinks and 25-30% in shaken ones. The real value depends on the ice, time and temperature.

Does dilution reduce the alcohol I drink?

No: it lowers the strength but not the grams of alcohol, because it only adds water. It changes how strong the drink tastes, not how much alcohol it contains.

Is a Gin and Tonic lighter than a Daiquiri?

It has less than half the strength, but in typical recipes it contains almost the same amount of alcohol: about 16 g against 19 g.

How do I enter juices and syrups?

With zero strength: they add no alcohol but increase the volume and so lower the strength.

How many grams is an alcohol unit?

It depends on the country: 8 g in the United Kingdom, 10 g in Australia, 12 g in Italy, 14 g in the United States. Divide the calculator's grams by your country's value.

Why use grams and not just strength?

Because strength tells you how concentrated the drink is, grams how much alcohol it really contains. A long, light drink can contain as much as a short, strong one.

What is the density of alcohol?

Ethanol weighs about 0.789 g per millilitre: 10 ml of pure alcohol is about 7.9 g.

How do I measure the real dilution?

Weigh the ingredients before stirring or shaking and the strained drink afterwards: the difference is the water added. Divide it by the starting weight and multiply by 100.

Can I use it with more than four ingredients?

Yes: combine the non-alcoholic ingredients into one entry with zero strength and use the other entries for the alcoholic ones.

Does the strength change if I serve the drink on ice?

Yes, it keeps falling as the ice in the glass melts. The calculator estimates the strength at the moment of serving.

Does the calculator tell me how much I can drink?

No: it shows what is in the glass, not a safe amount. Do not drive after drinking and follow your country's health guidance.

Formula

ABV = \frac{\sum_i v_i\,a_i}{\left(\sum_i v_i\right)\left(1 + \frac{d}{100}\right)}, \qquad g = 0{,}789\,\sum_i v_i\,\frac{a_i}{100}

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Category	Cucina
Difficulty	Medium
Formula	{"latex":"ABV = \\frac{\\sum_i v_i\\,a_i}{\\left(\\sum_i v_i\\right)\\left(1 + \\frac{d}{100}\\right)}, \\qquad g = 0{,}789\\,\\sum_i v_i\\,\\frac{a_i}{100}","variables":{"it":"v_i volume dell ingrediente i in ml, a_i gradazione alcolica dell ingrediente i in percentuale, d diluizione del ghiaccio in percentuale del volume degli ingredienti, ABV gradazione finale, g grammi di alcol puro (densita dell etanolo 0,789 g/ml)","en":"v_i volume of ingredient i in ml, a_i alcohol strength of ingredient i in percent, d ice dilution as a percentage of the ingredient volume, ABV final strength, g grams of pure alcohol (ethanol density 0.789 g/ml)","es":"v_i volumen del ingrediente i en ml, a_i graduacion alcoholica del ingrediente i en porcentaje, d dilucion del hielo en porcentaje del volumen de ingredientes, ABV graduacion final, g gramos de alcohol puro (densidad del etanol 0,789 g/ml)","fr":"v_i volume de l ingredient i en ml, a_i degre d alcool de l ingredient i en pourcentage, d dilution de la glace en pourcentage du volume des ingredients, ABV degre final, g grammes d alcool pur (densite de l ethanol 0,789 g/ml)","de":"v_i Menge der Zutat i in ml, a_i Alkoholgehalt der Zutat i in Prozent, d Verduennung durch Eis in Prozent der Zutatenmenge, ABV endgueltiger Alkoholgehalt, g Gramm reiner Alkohol (Dichte von Ethanol 0,789 g/ml)"}}
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